Battery charger and rectifier therefor



May 24, 1949. A. L. SHAPIRO 2,471,011

BATTERY CHARGER AND RECTIFIER THEREFOR Filed Dec. 19, 1946 3 SheetsSheet2 v INVENTOR.

fie. 3, firm u: Z, .fxmpmo May 24, 1949. A. SHAPIRO BATTERY CHARGER ANDRECTIFIER THEREFOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 19, 1946 M; Ma N NH 9 m5WW m 4 L. w W MW wfl w L Patented May 24, 1949 BATTERY CHARGERANP"RECTIFIER THEREFO Arthur L.- Shapiro, Wilmette, Ille ApplicationDecember 19, 1946, SeriflNdf 717176 7- Glaims, (Cl. 175-363):

invention re'htte'stto improvementsfiirrabattery-*-*ch'arg-ers==aniirectiiy1n'g1units:-for:the'ssame: M3 invention re1ates:- more"particularly r to acompairativelw'simpl'e typeof= battery "chargerrofthe typewhich incni'de's rectifieri p'ia'tes and dis capabl 'otbeing-iconnected ito" the-usual 41 volt current ft'tr' the *pu'rp'ose ofcharging the usual 6 volt automobiiei. battery:

The pi inciiaat objot of the: presentiinvention is to provide a. batterycharger and-1. rectifier therefor ot a -new and simpledesign: which isso constructed the it ce;n-- beea'sil y suspended in the home or---garage 'p1ugged into llo volt- A? (31 circuit""zmnl Have it's JGa'dS'attaChBd to abattery for 'cnergingathe'same:

A fiirther 'objecti d ther-invention is to' provide a battery='cnar-ger=- of thetype described which contempifiites tl'ie use-*ofxix-plurality of selenium d fscs smountdmponen aiummum plateg the discsi being separltely' positioned therori at spaced in-*- tervals s0" tHat'the maximum 1 cooling, because of greatersurffioe dissipation; can takeplace especialifi" at th'e jimcture' or 7 the rectifier discs on theaifiminum f 1)! site A6 furtlriez -objei'at' -of the invention is to Iprovid-awonstructmn or the type" described wh'ere by 'agreater"0i1tput-0f power is' cap'ab1e--==front a; giveirnumb'er'-' ofseleniu'm discs; fr 'the reason that the di es are separately: or-*individually mounted upon the aifiminum" plate instead oi beingpositioned in stacks"as heretofore hasbeen A ftirth'er obfict oftheinventioir is to provide: a rectifier plat and di sc constructionforbat t'ery chargers or other purposes that is more eifieie'nt than thbseproduced in the past-b3; rea son-*of the disposition or theseleniumd-iscs'up'on the ahiminum' -or oth'er plate which -I employiOther obu' ec't and-advantages willbe: more: apparent fromth'efiollWifig description, wherein 2 have chosen to r-illirstrate Ihave :shown vaevhousmg lfiiwhicitimewberrec tanguiarrinz shapeantitpreterablnrconstructediioti aluminum oriotheesheefimeteilthatiisawprovide withe-xpluralityvofarowe cbfisldim'illktnroughout its entire surface; so? that: w-hi'ohhisigen-veratedriw-ithm" the bomewtibei eeeiiiyidtssiyiatedf therefrom. The:bbatv may HEATER ae mm cover late: H secured: titeretor b r m mm gg..z.

I8 anothensuitabh member fll'st''n'ed toazanwalll -i 1 1am to I the?backi coverrpme: remainprovided:

1 members 34? reference-maybehad tirthe accompanying-three sheets ofdrawings upon-' which:

Fig. 1 isa vertical section-a View through a: batteryt cherger'amirecti'fier therefor-"constructed in accotdmoe with my invention;

Fig: 3 is arren'lrged sectional View showingthe' mounting," of one ofthe' selenium" rectifier diS'cs an'dis taken'onihe'iihe' 33 *of Figi 2';

Fig.2 5" is' ia side eivation'al" view of the same; and;

Fig. 6i's a" circuitdiaigiam 'of'th'eelctfitttzl circuit which I employinconnecti'on with the bat-' terywharger.

In the embodiment of the invention which I adjacent its lower endwitifithawpuitiotopefit ingsr 24-= to receive-i the? members 265 tnrougm which; thef execmum; corn con'dnitfiextenemg itoazthet m mnfitO-tthe bht I. I-"moun't: mtianstormer 2| uponhe-"fioix'ttpiateezlibeing: positioned'ri thereon lbw ni'ihSZ-Z 01 ib6115 andi lint members 30.- I aisoe mvmerraur :bindfii g' posts 32seemed-:3 tmth-etrronti. 22 byi'the serew: The binding: 3'22 siabpbrtins near the: back? of i thetcebifietazk been? plate- 38; the" same?being-: festemd thhreto i 159 tha screw: members 38.

Reterringinow twmgs; z ahdzathebecm pldte 36 may provide"aimmmtingatonithelrectifler diics' 402- Inrtherconstruetiomwmbhiihaveeiiowmthe. rectifier 1 discsvmayibeepmemuyrmaeez or iseiee nifimha;v1ng a zsliitbli obflmttheneomiEach q orthevdrs'ce is heldrme osittonrmtnerbaclepmte:

36 by means or? a: rivet: member? 42; tne: rivetmemberr'passmgirthrougn: antimulaxizigrgrommet: 44: A connector46emritvasherfliisfalso-imounted upon each post; the? rivet ll? havingetitshead; flattened over:'atterfpassingrthfioughtthe opening: 50 in' 'theback plate 'fltt In the consti'ddtibh which" I hiveshowni I haveprovided the". cmfdfiit 52: from coili SI of the transformer" 21extending to: the?v con nector "mom thei midiire discfllii Fromi herethe iWirePSI 'extends tb tl'iieicoflriectoi' llb from: where awire BSUeXtEDdS f' tmtHe-Z cometwuez: A siniilar wirer5kfineiyextendiifom thhconheetor Mid-'"and a, weaken-" ma! ffom tiiecon hector 46R "to th'e Ycommenter-r46 e thtiE connBCt'iAg all five of the selniflnfi rctiflel''dfsdfi shbwh to the transfr'mer by' memeof" the? 52. The connector 62011 the baek piet -3' me be electi'i'cail i: connected 't th'e oppofiitside tHe transformer -'by-m'eans" offia; cond'xiit 83: a 11188 30? andidebcribe'pm my: 1;

shown in Fig. 6 wherein I provide a plug 68 to connect to the 110 voltA. C. circuit. The wire it and 12 may extend to the primary side of thetransformer 28. The wire 52 may extend from the secondary side throughthe rectifier it the wire 64 extending from the back plate to the fuse66, the wire 14 extending from the fuse or circuit breaker to thepositive post 16 of a 6 volt storage battery 18. The other lead 80 fromthe secondary of the transformer extends to the negative post 82 of thebattery to be charged.

With the circuit thus completed, I have provided a battery charger thattransforms 110 volt alternating current by means of the transformer 23and the rectifier so that it will charge a 6 volt battery at sixamperes. Due to the separation of the selenium discs in the manner inwhich I have shown, or in any other arrangement which may be desirableso long as the discs are separately mounted on the backing plate, I haveprovided a construction wherein comparatively high efliciency isobtained and the heat which is created is easily dissipated. Due tomounting the discs separately upon the backing plate, greater efficiencyis obtained from each disc than is possible where the discs are mountedin stacks. Due to the use of aluminum for a backing plate, I have foundthat the cooling of the same is greatly accelerated over other metalsand in the preferred form of the invention aluminum will be employed.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, I haveprovided a backing plate 350. upon which the selenium discs 40 may bemounted either in the arrangement shown or in any other suitable ordesirable manner, so long as they are mounted separately upon the plate.

To assist in dissipating the heat produced I have provided a pluralityof horizontal slots 84 and vertical slots 85 in the back plate 36a. Theplate is also provided with the edge portions 88 that have holes 90therein so that the plate may be rigidly mounted in a housing.

From the above and foregoing descri tion it will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art that I have provided a comparatively simple batterycharger and rectifier construction therefor. It is, of course,understood that by varying the number of discs or plates the voltageoutput may be increased or decreased. I have found that by separatingthe discs and mounting them individually, as shown, that the cost perunit of output obtained is comparatively cheaper than that of otherconstructions. By this construction the unit must be much smaller andmore compact than other units on the market. The use of selenium discsinstead of copper provides a longer life for the discs especially due tochange in weather conditions wherein copper would be much more adverselyaffected. Because of the greater surface area exposed the operation ofthe device is much cooler than similar units wherein the plates arestacked and the-heat is much more quickly dissipated especially at thejuncture of the rectifier discs and the back plate.

I contemplate that changes and modifications may be made in the exactdetails shown, and I do not wish to be limited in any particular; ratherwhat I desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is:

1. A battery charger of the type described comprising a housing having aback cover plate and a front cover plate, a transformer mounted on saidfront cover plate, a plurailty of binding posts extending back from saidfront cover plate,

a rectifying unit mounted on said binding posts, said unit comprising aback plate and a plurality of rectifier plates individually mounted onsaid back plate.

A battery charger of the type described comprising a housing having aback cover plate and front cover plate, a transformer mounted on saidfront cover plate, a plurality of binding posts extending back from saidfront cover plate, a rectifying unit mounted on said binding posts, saidunit comprising a back plate and a plurality of rectifier platesindividually mounted on said back plate, said rectifier plates in theform of discs electrically connected together.

3. A battery charger of the type described comprising a rectangularlyshaped housing having a back cover plate and a front cover plate, atransformer mounted on said front cover plate, -a plurality of bindingposts extending back from said front cover plate, a rectifying unitmounted on said binding posts, said unit comprising rectangularly shapedback plate and a plurality of circular rectifier plates individuallymounted on said back plate.

A battery charger of the type described comprising a rectangularlyshaped housing having a back cover plate and a front cover plate, atransformer mounted on said front cover plate, a plurality of bindingposts extending back from said front cover plate, a rectifying unitmounted on said binding posts, said unit comprising 2. rectangularlyshaped back plate and a plurality of circular rectifier platesindividually mounted on said back plate, said back plate being aluminumand said rectifier plates being selenium.

5. A battery charger of the type described comprising a housing formedof metal having a plurality of slots therein, a front cover plate forsaid housing, a transformer mounted on said front cover plate, aplurality of binding posts extending back from said front cover plate, arectifying unit mounted on said binding posts, said unit comprisin analuminum back plate and a plurality of selenium rectifier platesindividually mounted on said back plate.

6. A battery charger of the type described comprising a housing formedof metal having a plurality of slots therein, a front cover plate forsaid housing, a transformer mounted on said front cover plate, aplurality of binding posts extending back from said front cover plate, arectifying unit mounted on said binding posts, said unit comprising analuminum back plate and a plurality of selenium rectifier platesindividually mounted on said back plate, said back plate having aplurality of slots therein between said rectifier plates for better heatdissipation.

7. A battery charger of the type described comprising a housing formedof metal having a plurality of slots therein, a front cover plate forsaid housing, a transformer mounted on said front cover plate, aplurality of binding posts extending back from said front cover plate, arectifying unit mounted on said binding posts, said unit comprising analuminum back plate and a plurality of selenium rectifier platesindividually mounted on said back plate, said back plate having aplurality of slots therein between said rectifier plates for better heatdissipation, said rectifier plates arranged with one centrally disposedon said back plate and the others disposed at an equal distance aroundthe same.

ARTHUR L. SHAPIRO.

(References on following page) REFERENCES CITED Number The followingreferences are of record in the file of th1s patent: 2:353:461

UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Number Name- Date N b 1,394,144 Coolidge et a1.Oct. 13, 1921 3 2 1,709,866 Mutscheller Apr. 23, 1929 2,032,494 Newhallet a1 Mar. 3, 1936 10 Name Date Sherman Sept. 24, 1940 DeLange et a1.Jan. 11, 1944 Hamann July 11, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country DateAustralia, Dec. 2, 1941

